写了一个新的小脚本，用于管理linux用户
#!/bin/bash
# Linux用户管理脚本 - 支持CentOS、Rocky Linux和Ubuntu系统
# 颜色设置
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[0;33m'
BLUE='\033[0;34m'
NC='\033[0m'
# 初始化
init() {
# 检查root权限
[ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ] && echo -e "${RED}错误: 需要root权限${NC}" && exit 1
# 检测Linux发行版
if [ -f /etc/os-release ]; then
. /etc/os-release
OS=$NAME
if [[ $OS == *"CentOS"* ]] || [[ $OS == *"Rocky"* ]]; then
PACKAGE_MANAGER="yum"
USER_ADD_CMD="useradd"
GROUP_ADD_CMD="groupadd"
elif [[ $OS == *"Ubuntu"* ]] || [[ $OS == *"Debian"* ]]; then
PACKAGE_MANAGER="apt"
USER_ADD_CMD="adduser"
GROUP_ADD_CMD="addgroup"
else
echo -e "${YELLOW}警告: 未知的Linux发行版: $OS, 使用通用命令${NC}"
PACKAGE_MANAGER="apt"
USER_ADD_CMD="useradd"
GROUP_ADD_CMD="groupadd"
fi
else
echo -e "${RED}错误: 无法检测操作系统${NC}" && exit 1
fi
echo -e "${GREEN}检测到: $OS${NC}"
}
# 检查用户是否存在
user_exists() {
id "$1" &>/dev/null
return $?
}
# 检查组是否存在
group_exists() {
grep -q "^$1:" /etc/group
return $?
}
# 添加用户
add_user() {
read -p "用户名: " username
user_exists "$username" && echo -e "${RED}用户已存在${NC}" && return 1
read -p "主目录(默认/home/$username): " homedir
homedir=${homedir:-/home/$username}
read -p "Shell(默认/bin/bash): " usershell
usershell=${usershell:-/bin/bash}
read -p "密码: " userpass
if [[ $PACKAGE_MANAGER == "apt" ]]; then
$USER_ADD_CMD $username --home $homedir --shell $usershell
echo "$username:$userpass" | chpasswd
else
$USER_ADD_CMD -m -d $homedir -s $usershell $username
echo "$userpass" | passwd --stdin $username
fi
[ $? -eq 0 ] && echo -e "${GREEN}用户创建成功${NC}" || echo -e "${RED}创建失败${NC}"
read -p "添加sudo权限? (y/n): " add_sudo
[[ $add_sudo == [yY] ]] && set_sudo_permission "$username"
}
# 删除用户
delete_user() {
read -p "要删除的用户名: " username
user_exists "$username" || { echo -e "${RED}用户不存在${NC}"; return 1; }
read -p "同时删除主目录? (y/n): " del_home
[[ $del_home == [yY] ]] && userdel -r $username || userdel $username
[ $? -eq 0 ] && echo -e "${GREEN}用户已删除${NC}" || echo -e "${RED}删除失败${NC}"
}
# 修改用户
modify_user() {
read -p "要修改的用户名: " username
user_exists "$username" || { echo -e "${RED}用户不存在${NC}"; return 1; }
echo -e "1.修改主目录 2.修改shell 3.修改用户组 4.返回"
read -p "选择: " choice
case $choice in
1)
read -p "新主目录: " new_home
usermod -d $new_home $username && echo -e "${GREEN}修改成功${NC}" || echo -e "${RED}修改失败${NC}"
;;
2)
read -p "新shell: " new_shell
usermod -s $new_shell $username && echo -e "${GREEN}修改成功${NC}" || echo -e "${RED}修改失败${NC}"
;;
3)
read -p "新用户组: " new_group
if ! group_exists "$new_group"; then
read -p "组不存在, 是否创建? (y/n): " create_group
[[ $create_group == [yY] ]] && $GROUP_ADD_CMD $new_group || return 1
fi
usermod -g $new_group $username && echo -e "${GREEN}修改成功${NC}" || echo -e "${RED}修改失败${NC}"
;;
4) return 0 ;;
*) ;;
esac
}
# 列出所有用户
list_users() {
echo -e "${BLUE}系统用户:${NC}"
echo -e "${YELLOW}UID 用户名 主目录 Shell${NC}"
echo "-------------------------------"
awk -F: '$3 >= 1000 && $3 < 65534 {print $3, $1, $6, $7}' /etc/passwd | sort -n |
while read uid username homedir shell; do
echo -e "${GREEN}$uid $username $homedir $shell${NC}"
done
echo -e "\n${BLUE}用户总数: $(awk -F: '$3 >= 1000 && $3 < 65534 {count++} END {print count}' /etc/passwd)${NC}"
}
# 添加/删除用户组
manage_group() {
local action=$1
if [ "$action" = "add" ]; then
read -p "新用户组名: " groupname
group_exists "$groupname" && echo -e "${RED}组已存在${NC}" && return 1
$GROUP_ADD_CMD $groupname
else
read -p "要删除的用户组: " groupname
group_exists "$groupname" || { echo -e "${RED}组不存在${NC}"; return 1; }
groupdel $groupname
fi
[ $? -eq 0 ] && echo -e "${GREEN}操作成功${NC}" || echo -e "${RED}操作失败${NC}"
}
# 修改用户密码
change_password() {
read -p "用户名: " username
user_exists "$username" || { echo -e "${RED}用户不存在${NC}"; return 1; }
read -p "新密码: " userpass
if [[ $PACKAGE_MANAGER == "apt" ]]; then
echo "$username:$userpass" | chpasswd
else
echo "$userpass" | passwd --stdin $username
fi
[ $? -eq 0 ] && echo -e "${GREEN}密码已修改${NC}" || echo -e "${RED}修改失败${NC}"
}
# 设置sudo权限
set_sudo_permission() {
local username=$1
if [ -z "$username" ]; then
read -p "用户名: " username
user_exists "$username" || { echo -e "${RED}用户不存在${NC}"; return 1; }
fi
# 安装sudo（如需）
if ! command -v sudo &> /dev/null; then
echo -e "${YELLOW}安装sudo...${NC}"
[[ $PACKAGE_MANAGER == "apt" ]] && { apt update && apt install -y sudo; } || yum install -y sudo
fi
# 添加权限
if [[ $PACKAGE_MANAGER == "apt" ]]; then
usermod -aG sudo $username
grep -q "^wheel:" /etc/group && usermod -aG wheel $username
else
usermod -aG wheel $username
fi
# 设置无密码sudo
read -p "允许无密码sudo? (y/n): " nopass
if [[ $nopass == [yY] ]]; then
echo "$username ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" > /etc/sudoers.d/$username
chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/$username
fi
echo -e "${GREEN}sudo权限已设置${NC}"
}
# 显示用户信息
show_user_info() {
read -p "用户名(留空显示所有): " username
[ -z "$username" ] && { list_users; return 0; }
user_exists "$username" || { echo -e "${RED}用户不存在${NC}"; return 1; }
# 获取信息
uid=$(id -u $username)
gid=$(id -g $username)
groups=$(id -nG $username)
homedir=$(grep "^$username:" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f6)
shell=$(grep "^$username:" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7)
# 检查sudo权限和账户状态
groups $username | grep -qE "\b(sudo|wheel)\b" && sudo_status="${GREEN}已授权${NC}" || sudo_status="${RED}未授权${NC}"
grep -q "^$username:!!" /etc/shadow 2>/dev/null && account_status="${RED}已锁定${NC}" || account_status="${GREEN}正常${NC}"
# 显示信息
echo -e "${BLUE}用户信息:${NC}"
echo -e "UID: $uid\nGID: $gid\n主目录: $homedir\nShell: $shell\n组: $groups\nsudo: $sudo_status\n状态: $account_status"
echo -e "\n${BLUE}最后登录:${NC}"
lastlog -u $username
}
# 主函数
main() {
init
while true; do
clear
echo
echo -e "${BLUE}╭────────────────────────────────╮${NC}"
echo -e "${BLUE}│${NC} ${GREEN}Linux 用户管理系统${NC} ${BLUE}│${NC}"
echo -e "${BLUE}╰────────────────────────────────╯${NC}"
echo
echo -e " ${GREEN}[1]${NC} 添加用户 ${GREEN}[2]${NC} 删除用户 ${GREEN}[3]${NC} 修改用户"
echo -e " ${GREEN}[4]${NC} 查看用户 ${GREEN}[5]${NC} 添加用户组 ${GREEN}[6]${NC} 删除用户组"
echo -e " ${GREEN}[7]${NC} 修改密码 ${GREEN}[8]${NC} 设置sudo ${GREEN}[9]${NC} 用户信息"
echo -e " ${RED}[0]${NC} 退出系统"
echo
echo -e "${BLUE}──────────────────────────────────────────────${NC}"
read -p " 请选择操作 [0-9]: " choice
echo
case $choice in
1) add_user ;;
2) delete_user ;;
3) modify_user ;;
4) list_users ;;
5) manage_group "add" ;;
6) manage_group "del" ;;
7) change_password ;;
8) set_sudo_permission ;;
9) show_user_info ;;
0) clear; exit 0 ;;
*) ;;
esac
echo
read -p " 按回车键继续..." dummy
done
}
# 启动脚本
main 
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